Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/11458/2378
Title: Evaluación de la gestión ambiental de la ciudad de Moyobamba, San Martin - Perú
Authors: Casas Luna, Santiago Alberto
Rojas Bardalez, Alfonso
Keywords: Gestión ambiental
Evaluación del impacto ambiental
Impactos
Programas alternativos
Concertación
Concervación
Manejo
Promoción
Unidades de impacto ambiental
Issue Date: 2002
Publisher: Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Fondo Editorial
Source: Rojas-Bardález, A. (2002). Evaluación de la gestión ambiental de la ciudad de Moyobamba, San Martin - Perú. Tesis para optar el grado de Ingeniero Ambiental. Facultad de Ecología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Tarapoto, Perú.
Abstract: The" Evaluation of the Environmental Management of the Cit y of Moyobamba", it is an research that presents information on the use of the resources related to the planning and management of the reparation and environmental control, education, urban infrastructure, socioeconomic, cultural, political aspects and ecotourists of the city; it identifies and it characterizes the agents and the more important activities that generate environmental impacts, it also identifies the environmental bid and ask of the biophysical oreas in the perspective of formulating an environmental classification and it prioritizes the resources of environmental handling to short, medium and. long term. Moyobamba is described as an urban ecosystem. and the city •ciudad de las orquídeas" is considered by its singular characteristic as for its resources paisajísticos, biodiversity (among them the 2500 species of orchids), very accepted for the receiving tourist. This is located in the district of Moyobamba, Province of Moyobamba in San Martin's Department; at the right riverbank of the río Mayo and approximately 860 meters above sea level. It's UTM coordinates are E281600 and N9332900, 2-737.5 km2 • approximately. The climate predominantly is humid, temperate and warm with rainy stations in the months of November to March; suffering variations because it suffers serious negative impacts as deforestation, migration and waste contamination. Under this scenario, the present work is justified for the lack of information that allows to see the environmental evolution pursuing a clearer horizon, with enough elements that serve like base to elaborate the development plans of the city; it also allows us to know the reality qualitatively so the government local and other institutions has an instrument to exercise his political decision in a coordinated and harmonize way under to solve the problems and to rationalize the use of the resources of the city. In a same way it contributes in the invigoration from the environmental conscience to level of authorities and population in general since, starting from the proposals they will be able to be carried out development projects and investment of short, medium and long term as for services of clean water and sewer system, handling of solid residuals, improvement of the infrastructure with projection for the tourism, equipment and urban development, rationalization of the traffic, establishment of small and medium companies among others. The investigation was developed in three stages: pre field, field, and final cabinet, inside of which were carried out the field analyses, mensurations, surveys, pesquizas, bibliographical consultations to characterize and to evaluate the variables related to biophysical aspects as physiography, hydrology, geology, climate, ecosystems and socioeconomic aspects as well as existing use of lands, socioeconomic activities, economic.growth and basic services. The results were integrated and systematized interdisciplinarty keeping in mind the global, integral and systemic nature of the environment, among those aspects that are necessary to stand out are the following: very environmental affected oreas due to the inadequate development .of the urban activities, throwing the solid residuals toward the ravines, contamination of the adjacent gulches with the city, contamination of the air for the excessive circulation of power vehicles and presence of suspended powders, sound contamination originated by the vehicles and social activities. As for the urban development, we hove as a problem the separation of the district, lawless growth of the oreas outlying, bad use of the urban lands whose constructions spread to grow horizontally, informality of the human establishments because they don't have urban qualification and they don't possess title of property, vehicular congestion when being some insufficient main streets in their carrying capacity. As for the education, culture, recreation and tourism, we have school education with out modernized libraries, lack of the population's centers educational special, scarce identity with their city, little promotion of the tourism the art and the culture local, insufficient cultural, recreational and sport infrastructure to cover the local demands. As for the economic development we hove, the informality of the mycro and small companies, trade desegregated and disperse! being developed prioritarily in activities of basic consumption, anda growing agricultura! activity that presents problems of profitability and productivity. The ansersment, includes a study of Evaluation of Environmental Impact (EEI) of the Strategic Plan for the Moyobamba city 2001-2008; in which according to the prioritized thematic axes and environmental demand; and the decisive environmental factors in the city that represent the environmental offer; it is determined the indexes and good levels of environmental quality in the study orea. In general, of the 5148 Units of Environmental Impact (UEI) defined, it has been identified 2297 impacts with valuation of 0.625 that it qualif ies like good impact under , also expressed as 62.5% of environmental quality. It allows us to visualize the strategies and methods to face the main components that become threats of the management actions and environmental development for the Moyobamba city. The technical viability and politics of the strategic plan is guaranteed under the following proposals or general considerations: Strengthening of the capacity of administration of the Municipality and base organizations. Efficient control process and territorial classification. Practica! viability of promotion for the tourism. Execution of conservation and handling plans in ravines and the environment of the city of Moyobamba. Improvement of the quality of services. Establishment of agreement spaces and intersectorial work for the development of social infrastructure and of services. Improvement and implementation of support systems to the productive sector. To strengthen the organizations of producers and to generate permanent encounters with all the agrarian sectors. To promote the installation of small and medium agroindustrial companies. Therefore, it is recommended to develop the proposals of the alternative programs; always impacting in the active participation of the public sector, prívate and the population in general, creating and strengthening environtnental conscience, agreement spaces and wide convocation based on the will and political and financia! responsibility. Key words: Environmental administration, Evaluation of environmental Impact, impacts, alternative programs, agreement, conservation, handling, promotion, units of environmental impact. resources related to the planning and management of the reparation and environmental control, education, urban infrastructure, socioeconomic, cultural, political aspects and ecotourists of the city; it identifies and it characterizes the agents and the more important activities that generate environmental impacts, it also identifies the environmental bid and ask of the biophysical oreas in the perspective of formulating an environmental classification and it prioritizes the resources of environmental handling to short, medium and. long term. Moyobamba is describedas an urban ecosystem. and the city · ciudad de las orquídeas" is considered by its singular characteristic as for its resources paisajísticos, biodiversity (among them the 2500 species of orchids), very accepted for the receiving tourist. This is located in the district of Moyobamba, Province of Moyobamba in San Martin's Department; at the right riverbank of the río Mayo and approximately 860 meters above sea level. It's UTM coordinates are E281600 and N9332900, 2-737.5 km approximately. The climate predominantly is humid, temperate and warm with rainy stations in the months of November to March; suffering variations because it suffers serious negative impacts as deforestation, migration and waste contamination. Under this scenario, the present work is justified for the lack of information that allows to see the environmental evolution pursuing a clearer horizon, with enough elements that serve like base to elaborate the development plans of the city; it also allows us to know the reality qualitatively so the government local and other institutions has an instrument to exercise his political decision in a coordinated and harmonize way under to solve the problems and to rationalize the use of the resources of the city. In a same way it contributes in the invigoration from the environmental conscience to level of authorities and population in general since, starting from the proposals they will be able to be carried out development projects and investment of short, medium and long term as for services of clean water and sewer system, handling of solid residuals, improvement of the infrastructure with projection for the tourism, equipment and urban development, rationalization of the traffic, establishment of small and medium companies among others. The investigation was developed in three stages: pre field, field, and final cabinet, inside of which were carried out the field analyses, mensurations, surveys, pesquizas, bibliographical consultations to characterize and to evaluate the variables related to biophysical aspects as physiography, hydrology, geology, climate, ecosystems and socioeconomic aspects as well as existing use of lands, socioeconomic activities, economic .growth and basic services. The results were integrated and systematized interdisciplinarty keeping in mind the global, integral and systemic nature of the environment, among those aspects that are necessary to stand out are the following: very environmental affected oreas due to the inadequate development .of the urban activities, throwing the solid residuals toward the ravines, contamination of the adjacent gulches with the city, contamination of the air for the excessive circulation of power vehicles and presence of suspended powders, sound contamination originated by the vehicles and social activities. As for the urban development, we hove as a problem the separation of the district, lawless growth of the oreas outlying, bad use of the urban lands whose constructions spread to grow horizontally, informality of the human establishments because they don't have urban qualification and they don't possess title of property, vehicular congestion when being some insufficient main streets in their carrying capacity. As for the education, culture, recreation and tourism, we have school education with out modernized libraries, lack of the population's centers educational special, scarce identity with their city, little promotion of the tourism the art and the culture local, insufficient cultural, recreational and sport infrastructure to cover the local demands. As for the economic development we hove, the informality of the mycro and small companies, trade desegregated and disperse! being developed prioritarily in activities of basic consumption, anda growing agricultura! activity that presents problems of profitability and productivity. The ansersment, includes a study of Evaluation of Environmental Impact (EEI) of the Strategic Plan for the Moyobamba city 2001-2008; in which according to the prioritized thematic axes and environmental demand; and the decisive environmental factors in the city that represent the environmental offer; it is determined the indexes and good levels of environmental quality in the study orea. In general, of the 5148 Units of Environmental Impact (UEI) defined, it has been identified 2297 impacts with valuation of 0.625 that it qualif ies like good impact under , also expressed as 62.5% of environmental quality. It allows us to visualize the strategies and methods to face the main components that become threats of the management actions and environmental development for the Moyobamba city. The technical viability and politics of the strategic plan is guaranteed under the following proposals or general considerations: Strengthening of the capacity of administration of the Municipality and base organizations. Efficient control process and territorial classification. Practica! viability of promotion for the tourism. ·XX Execution of conservation and handling plans in ravines and the environment of the city of Moyobamba. Improvement of the quality of services. Establishment of agreement spaces and intersectorial work for the development of social infrastructure and of services. Improvement and implementation of support systems to the productive sector. To strengthen the organizations of producers and to generate permanent encounters with all the agrarian sectors. To promote the installation of small and medium agroindustrial companies. Therefore,it is recommended to develop the proposals of the alternative programs; always impacting in the active participation of the public sector, private and the population in general, creating and strengthening environtnental conscience, agreement spaces and wide convocation based on the will and political and financia! responsibility. Key words: Environmental administration, Evaluation of environmental Impact, impacts, alternative programs, agreement, conservation, handling, promotion, units of environmental impact.
La Evaluación de la Gestión Ambiental de la Ciudad de Moyobamba", es un trabajo de investigación que presenta información sobre el uso de los recursos relacionados a la planificación, gestión del saneamiento y control ambiental, educación, infraestructura urbana, aspectos socioeconómicos, culturales, políticos y ecoturísticos de la ciudad; identifica y caracteriza los agentes y actividades más importantes que generan impactos ambientales, además identifica la oferta y demanda ambiental de las áreas biofísicas en la perspectiva de formular un ordenamiento ambiental y prioriza los recursos de manejo ambiental a corto, mediano y largo plazo. Moyobamba se describe como un ecosistema urbano y es considerado la ciudad de las Orquídeas por su característica singular en cuanto a sus recursos paisajísticos, de biodiversidad (entre ellas las 2500 especies de orquídeas), muy aceptados por el turista receptor. Esta ubicado en el distrito de Moyobamba, provincia de Moyobamba en el Departamento de San Martín; en la margen derecha del río Mayo y a 860 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Sus coordenadas UTM corresponden a E281600 y N9332900, y cubre una superficie de 2737.5 Km El clima predominantemente es húmedo, templado y cálido con estaciones Lluviosas en los meses de Noviembre a Marzo; sufriendo variaciones debido a que sufre serios impactos negativos como la deforestación, migración y contaminación por desechos. ' Bajo este escenario, el presente trabajo se justifica por la carencia de información que permita ver la evolución ambiental persiguiendo un horizonte más claro, con elementos suficientes que sirvan como base para elaborar los planes de desarrollo de la ciudad; asimismo permite conocer cualitativamente la realidad de modo que el gobierno local y demás instituciones cuenten con un instrumento para ejercitar su decisión política de manera coordinada y concertada en procura de solucionar los problemas y racionalizar el uso de los recursos de la ciudad. De igual modo contribuye en el fortalecimiento de la conciencia ambiental a nivel de autoridades y población en general puesto que, a partir de las propuestas se podrán realizar proyectos de desarrollo e inversión de corto, mediano y largo plazo en cuanto a servicios de agua potable y alcantarillado, manejo de residuos sólidos, mejoramiento de la infraestructura con proyección para el turismo, equipamiento y desarrollo urbano, racionalización del tránsito, establecimiento de pequeñas y medianas empresas entre otros. La investigación se desarrolló en tres etapas: pre campo, campo, y gabinete final, dentro los cuales se realizaron los análisis de campo, mediciones, encuestas, pesquizas, consultas bibliográficas para caracterizar y evaluar las variables relacionadas a aspectos biofísicos como fisiografía, hidrología, geología, clima ecosistemqs y aspectos socioeconómicos como uso actual de tierras, actividades socioeconómicas, crecimiento económico y servicios básicos. Los resultados se integraron y sistematizaron interdisciplinariamente Teniendo en cuenta la naturaleza global, integral y sistémica del ambiente, entre los que cabe resaltar lo siguiente: existen zonas en la ciudad muy afectadas ambientalmente debido al inadecuado desarrollo de las actividades urbanas, arrojando los residuos sólidos hacia los barrancos, contaminación de las quebradas colindantes con la ciudad, contaminación del aire por la excesiva circulación de vehículos motorizados y .presencia de polvos suspendidos, contaminación sonora originado por los vehículos y actividades sociales. En cuanto al desarrollo urbano, se tiene como problemática el crecimiento desordenado de las zonas periféricas, mal aprovechamiento de los terrenos urbanos cuyas construcciones tienden a crecer horizontalmente, informalidad de los asentamientos humanos pues no cuentan con habilitación urbana y no poseen título de propiedad, congestión vehicular al encontrarse algunas calles principales insuficientes en su capacidad de carga. En cuanto a la educación, cultura, recreación y turismo, tenemos educación escolar carentes de bibli6tecas actualizadas, falta de centros educativos especiales, escasa identidad de la población con su ciudad, poca promoción del turismo el arte y la cultura local, insuficiente infraestructura cultural, recreativa y deportiva para cubrir las demandas locales. En cuanto al desarrollo económico tenemos, la informalidad de las micro y pequeñas empresas, comercio desagregado y disperso desarrollándose prioritariamente en actividades de consumo básico, y una creciente actividad agrícola que presenta problemas de rentabilidad y productividad. La evaluación, incluye un estudio de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) del Plan Estratégico para la Provincia de Moyobamba 2001-2008; en la cual de acuerdo a los ejes temáticos priorizados y que viene a representar la demanda ambiental; y los factores ambientales determinantes en la ciudad que viene a representar la oferta ambiental; se determina los índices y niveles óptimos de calidad ambiental en la zona de estudio. En general de las 5148 Unidades de Impacto Ambiental (UIA) definidos, se ha identificado 2297 Impactos con valoración escalar de 0.625 que califica como impacto óptimo bajo, expresado también como un 62,5 % de calidad ambiental. Ello nos permite visualizar las estrategias y métodos para hacer frente a los principales componentes que se presenten como amenazas de las acciones de gestión y desarrollo ambiental para la ciudad de Moyobamba. La vialidad técnica y política del plan estratégico se garantiza bajo las propuestas o consideraciones generales de: Fortalecimiento de la capacidad de gestión de la Municipalidad y Organizaciones de base. Eficiente proceso de control y ordenamiento territorial. Prácticas viables de promoción para el turismo. Ejecución de planes de conservación y manejo en barrancos y el entorno de la ciudad de Moyobamba. Mejoramiento de la calidad de servicios. Establecimiento de espacios de concertación y trabajo intersectorial para el desarrollo de infraestructura social y de servicios. Mejoramiento e implementación de sistemas de apoyo al sector productivo. Fortalecer las organizaciones de productores y generar encuentros permanentes con todos los sectores agrarios. Promover la instalación de pequeñas y medianas empresas agroindustriales. Por tanto, se recomienda desarrollar las propuestas de los programas alternativos; incidiendo siempre en la participación activa del sector público, privado y la población en general, creando y fortaleciendo conciencia ambiental, espacios de concertación y amplia convocatoria basado en la voluntad y responsabilidad política y financiera. Palabras clave : Gestión ambiental, Evaluación de Impacto ambiental, impactos, programas alternativos, concertación, conservación , manejo, promoción, unidades de impacto ambiental
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11458/2378
Appears in Collections:(Br.) Ingeniería Ambiental

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